Ереван: различия между версиями

=== Основание и античная эпоха ===

[[Файл:Erebuni.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Развалины крепости [[Эребуни]]. 8-3 вв. до нашей эры]]

Годом основания Еревана считается [[782 до н. э.|782 год до н. э.]], когда царь [[Урарту]] [[Аргишти I]] основал здесь [[Крепость#Город-крепость|город-крепость]] [[Эребуни]]<ref>[[Encyclopædia Iranica|Iranica]]. [http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/erevan-1 Erevan]. {{oq|en|Erevan is located on a site that has been occupied for millennia. Today it is generally acknowledged that the name is to be traced to that of an 8th-century B.C.E. Urartian fortress, E/Ir(e)b/puni… Modern Erevan can be said to continue both the name and the history of Erebuni. The identification is confirmed by an Urartian cuneiform inscription found in September 1950 on the mound Arin-Berd (i.e., Ganli Tappa) on the southeastern edge of Erevan}}</ref><ref name="The Armenian People from Ancient to Modern Times 1-27">{{Книга:Richard G. Hovannisian:The Armenian People from Ancient to Modern Times|volume=1|pages=27}} {{oq|en|In the eighth century B.C. the fortress-cities of Teishebaini (Armenian Karmir Blur) and Erebuni (Arin Berd) were established, in what is now Erevan, by King Argishti II.}}</ref><ref>Robert H. Hewsen. Armenia: A Historical Atlas — University of Chicago Press, 2001. — 341 p. — ISBN 0-226-33228-4, ISBN 978-0-226-33228-4. P. 26. {{oq|en|The Urartians reached their height under Menua's son Argisti I (c. 786-c. 764), who carved the great inscription on the face of the cliff of Van, extended Urartian rule to the Ararat Plain, and there founded the administrative center of Argistihinili (Armavir). Here too, in 782 B.C., he founded the palace-fortress of Erebuni (at the site called Arin-Berd in Erevan), thus making the Armenian capital the oldest city in the USSR, whose 2,750th anniversary was celebrated with great fanfare in 1968.}}</ref><ref>[[Энциклопедия Британника|Britannica]]. Статья: [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/653023/Yerevan Yerevan]. {{oq|en|Though first historically recorded in 607 ce, Yerevan dates by archaeological evidence to a settlement on the site in the 6th-3rd millennia bce and subsequently to the fortress of Yerbuni in 783 bce. From the 6th century bce it formed part of the Armenian kingdom.}}</ref><ref>''J.R.Russel.'' Armeno-Iranica. // Papers in honour of Professor Mary Boyce / Red.: Jacques Duchesne-Guillemin: encyclopédie permanente des études iraniennes, Vol. 1. Brill Archive, 1985. ISBN 906831002X, 9789068310023. P. 454 {{oq|en|Erevan, named after the ancient Urartean fortress of Erebuni}}</ref><ref>''Paul Zimansky.'' Urartian and the Urartians // ''Sharon R. Steadman, Gregory McMahon.'' The Oxford handbook of ancient Anatolia (10,000-323 BCE). Oxford University Press, 2011. ISBN 0-19-537614-5, 9780195376142. P. 557. {{oq|en|All but a few Urartian sites were abandoned, and only rarely do place-names in Urartian texts carry over into later eras, Erevan from Erebuni being one notable exception.}}</ref>. Известно, что для основания города в 782 году до нашей эры царь Аргишти привез сюда 6600 пленных из областей [[Малатья|Хати]] и [[Цопк|Цупани]] (западные области [[Армянское нагорье|Армянского нагорья]]).