Сухая кладка: различия между версиями

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[[Файл:Muchallscastledrystone.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Seventeenth century dry stone wall at [[Muchalls Castle]], [[Scotland]]]]
[[Файл:Inka mauern cuzco.jpg|thumb|250px|right|[[Inca architecture|Inca wall]] of dry stone construction in [[Cusco]], [[Peru]]]]
[[Файл:Machupicchu intihuatana.JPG|thumb|left250px|right|Intihuatana ritual buildings of dry stone at [[Machu Picchu]], [[Peru]]]]
[[Файл:Mycenae lion gate dsc06382.jpg|thumb|250px|right|The Lion Gate of the [[Mycenae]] acropolis is dry stone]]
'''Сухая кладка''' - — is a building method by which structures are constructed from [[Rock (geology)|stones]] without any [[Mortar (masonry)|mortar]] to bind them together. Dry stone structures are stable because of their unique construction method, which is characterized by the presence of a [[Structural load|load-bearing]] facade of carefully-selected interlocking stones. Dry-stone technology is best known as wall construction, but dry stone [[building]]s, [[bridge]]s, and other structures also exist.
 
Some dry-stone wall constructions in north-west Europe have been dated back to the Neolithic Age. Many Cornish hedges are believed to date from [[4000 B.C.]], although there appears to be little dating evidence. In County Mayo, Ireland, an entire field system made from dry-stone walls, since covered in peat, have been carbon-dated to 3800 B.C. The [[cyclopean]] walls of the [[acropolis]] of [[Mycenae]] have been dated to 1350 B.C. and those of [[Tiryns]] slightly earlier. In [[Belize]], the [[Maya civilization|Mayan]] [[ruins]] at [[Lubaantun]] illustrate use of dry stone construction in architecture of the eighth and ninth century AD.