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Аризонский университет: различия между версиями

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{{редактирую|1=[[Служебная:contributions/Dmitri Lytov|Dmitri Lytov]]|2=6 сентября 2009}}
{{distinguish|Университет штата Аризона}}
[[Файл:Old Main (U of Arizona).jpg|right|thumb|200px250px|Old MainОлд-Мэйн, the oldest building on theстарейшее Universityздание ofкампуса ArizonaАризонского campusуниверситета]]
'''Аризонский университет''', {{lang-en|The University of Arizona}} (сокращённые наименования: '''UA''', '''U of A''', '''Arizona''') — публичное высшее учебное и научно-исследовательское заведение штата [[Аризона]] с собственным земельным участком, основанное в 1885 году (то есть за 27 лет до преобразования Территории Аризона в отдельный штат). TheВ Universityего ofсостав Arizonaвходит includesединственное [[Universityв ofштате ArizonaАризона Collegeмедицинское ofучебное Medicine|theзаведение onlyс medicalправом school]]предоставления inстепени Arizonaдоктора that grants [[Doctor of Medicine|M.D.]] degreesмедицины. По состоянию на осень 2007 г. общее число студентов составляло 36733 человек.
 
Особенно велики достижения Аризонского университета в сфере астрономии и астрофизики. В частности, команда исследователей из Обсерватории Стюарда под руководством Роджера Эйнджела работает над сооружением наиболее мощного в мире телескопа, известного как Гигантский Магелланов Телескоп. Телескоп должен быть закончен в 2016 г. и обойдётся в 500 млн. долларов США. В состав телескопа будут входить семь 18-тонных зеркал, обеспечивающих чёткие изображения вулканов и "каналов" на [[Марс]]е и гор на Луне, при этом изображение будет обновляться в 40 раз быстрее, чем позволяют современные крупнейшие телескопы.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/undergrad/classes/fall2005/Lauretta_102-14/SciAZ/GiantMagTel.htm | title=Giant Magellan Telescope | accessdate=2006-07-12}}</ref>
The University of Arizona is governed by the [[Arizona Board of Regents]]. The mission of the University of Arizona is, «To discover, educate, serve, and inspire.»<ref name="UA Mission">{{cite web | title = About the UA | work = University of Arizona | publisher = University of Arizona | dateformat = dmy | accessdate = 5 May 2008 | url = http://www.arizona.edu/home/aboutua.php }}</ref>
 
== Современные достижения ==
* Led by Roger Angel, researchers in the [[Steward Observatory]] Mirror Lab at UA are working in concert to build the world’s most advanced telescope. Known as the [[Giant Magellan Telescope]], the instrument will produce images 10 times sharper than those from the Earth-orbiting [[Hubble Telescope]]. The telescope is set to be completed in 2016 at a cost of $500 million USD. Researchers from at least nine institutions are working to secure the funding for the project. The telescope will include seven 18-ton mirrors capable of providing clear images of [[volcanoes]] and riverbeds on [[Mars]] and [[mountains]] on the moon at a rate 40 times faster than the world’s current large telescopes. The mirrors of the Giant Magellan Telescope will be built at UA and transported to a permanent mountaintop site in the [[Chile]]an [[Andes]] where the telescope will be constructed.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/undergrad/classes/fall2005/Lauretta_102-14/SciAZ/GiantMagTel.htm | title=Giant Magellan Telescope | accessdate=2006-07-12}}</ref>
 
* The [[Arizona Radio Observatory]], a part of [[Steward Observatory]], operates the [[ARO 12 m Radio Telescope|12 Meter Telescope]] on [[Kitt Peak]] and the [[Heinrich Hertz Submillimeter Telescope|Submillimeter Telescope]] on [[Mount Graham]].
 
* Reaching [[Mars]] in March 2006, the [[Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter]] contained the HiRISE camera, with Primary Investigator is [[scientist]] [[Alfred McEwen]] as the lead on the project. This [[NASA]] mission to Mars carried a UA-designed camera expected to capture the highest-resolution images of the planet ever seen. The journey of the orbiter was 300 million miles. The project is expected to be in its Primary Science Phase in the month of October.<!-- LINK DEAD? http://uanews.opi.arizona.edu/cgi-bin/WebObjects/UANews.woa/1/wa/SRStoryDetails?ArticleID=11437 -->
 
* Currently operating on the surface of [[Mars]] is the Lander known as the [[Phoenix (spacecraft)|Phoenix Scout Mission]], led by UA Scientist Peter Smith. The mission’s purpose is to improve knowledge of the Martian Arctic. After a successful landing on Mars in May 2008, it is the first NASA mission completely controlled by a university.
 
* A downturn in Arizona’s economy in the 2000s led to less money being allocated by the state legislature to Arizona’s universities. Academic programs were hard-hit, and the university was forced to consider extensive changes, beginning in 2002. As a result, a reorganization known as '''«Focused Excellence»''' aimed to focus the mission of the university on '''research''', '''graduate training''', and '''more selective undergraduate education''', in part, by eliminating and merging less popular and low-revenue academic departments. The closure of some programs, notably the innovative Arizona International College and the School of Planning, provoked widespread protest. However, efforts to improve academic performance and to encourage new research areas were not enough to prevent a number of key departures from the faculty in the early 2000s, and budgets remain restricted. '''«Focused Excellence»''' was quietly wound up in 2006 and its website removed, but President Robert Shelton’s Dec. 2006 [http://www.president.arizona.edu/prescomm_more.cfm?f_ID=19| message to the University] suggested further retrenchment is essential in the light of funding cuts.
 
* The University of Arizona is the only remaining [[Pac-10]] conference school to not award plus and minus grades for courses. Currently, grades are given on a strict 4-point scale with «A» worth 4, «B» worth 3, «C» worth 2, «D» worth 1 and «E» worth zero points. Discussions with students and faculty may lead the UA toward using a plus-minus grading system in the future.<ref>{{cite web | title=Arizona Summer Wildcat - Making the grade: UA's plus/minus debate - Monday, August 9, 2004 | url=http://wc.arizona.edu/papers/97/160/01_1.html | dateformat=mdy | accessdate=December 13 2006 }}</ref>
 
== Примечания ==
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[[Категория:Аризона]]
[[Категория:Университеты США]]
[[Категория:Association of American UniversitiesАстрофизика]]
[[Категория:Association of Public and Land-Grant Universities]]
[[Категория:Land-grant universities and colleges]]
[[Категория:Pacific Ten Conference]]
[[Категория:Universities and colleges in Arizona]]
[[Категория:Public universities in the United States]]
[[Категория:Glass science institutes]]
[[Категория:Consortium for North American Higher Education Collaboration]]
[[Категория:North Central Association of Colleges and Schools]]
 
[[cs:University of Arizona]]
Источник — https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Аризонский_университет