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'''Индуистское право''' — [[правовая система]], применяемая среди [[Индуизм|индуистов]], в особенности в [[Индия|Индии]].<ref>See, for example, Herbert Cowell’s definition of Hindu law in ''The Hindu Law: Being a Treatise on the Law Administered Exclusively to Hindus by the British Courts in India'' (Calcutta, Thacker, Spink and Co.: 1871), 6.</ref> Современное индуистское право является частью индийского права, установленного [[Конституция Индии|Конституцией Индии]] в [[1950 год]]у.
До получение Индией независимости в [[1947 годугод]]у, индуистское право было частью британской колониальной правовой системы, получив формально этот статус в [[1772 годугод]]у с подачи генерал-губернатора Индии [[Гастингс, Варрен|Варрена Гастингса]] который сформулировал свой план законодательного управления, в котором «во всех случаях, касающихся наследства, заключения брака, кастовых или других религиозных вопросов, законам Корана в отношении мусульман и законам шастр в отношении индусов надлежит непременно следовать».<ref>See Sect. 27 of the ''Administration of Justice Regulation'' of 11 April 1780.</ref> The substance of Hindu law implemented by the British was derived from early translations of Sanskrit texts known as [[Dharmasastra|Dharmaśāstra]], the treatises (''[[śāstra]]'') on religious and legal duty (''[[dharma]]''). The British, however, mistook the Dharmaśāstra as codes of law and failed to recognize that these Sanskrit texts were not used as statements of positive law until they chose to do so. Rather, Dharmaśāstra contains what may be called a jurisprudence, i.e., a theoretical reflection upon practical law, but not a statement of the law of the land as such.<ref>For reviews of the British misappropriations of Dharmaśāstra, see: Richard W. Lariviere, "Justices and Paṇḍitas: Some Ironies in Contemporary Readings of the Hindu Legal Past, " in ''Journal of Asian Studies'' 48 (1989), pp. 757—769, and Ludo Rocher, "Law Books in an Oral Culture: The Indian Dharmaśāstras, " ''Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society'' 137 (1993), pp. 254—267.</ref> Another sense of Hindu law, then, is the legal system described and imagined in Dharmaśāstra texts.
One final definition of Hindu law, or classical Hindu law, brings the realm of legal practice together with the scholastic tradition of Dharmaśāstra by defining Hindu law as a usable label for myriad localized legal systems of classical and medieval India that were influenced by and in turn influenced the Dharmaśāstra tradition. Such local laws never conformed completely to the ideals of Dharmaśāstra, but both substantive and procedural laws of the tradition did impact the practical law, though largely indirectly. It is worth emphasizing that Sanskrit contains no word that precisely corresponds to 'law' or religion and that, therefore, the label «Hindu Law» is a modern convenience used to describe this tradition.
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