Тератология (наука): различия между версиями

It is estimated that 10 % of all birth defects are caused by a prenatal exposure or teratogen.<ref name="isbn0-471-38225-6">{{cite book |author=Ronan O'Rahilly, Fabiola Müller |title=Human embryology & teratology |publisher=Wiley-Liss |location=New York |year=2001 |pages= |isbn=0-471-38225-6 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref> These exposures include, but are not limited to, medication or drug exposures, maternal infections and diseases, and environmental and occupational exposures. Teratogen-caused birth defects are potentially preventable. Studies have shown that nearly 50 % of pregnant women have been exposed to at least one medication during gestation.<ref name="pmid7266953">{{cite journal |author=Bracken MB, Holford TR |title=Exposure to prescribed drugs in pregnancy and association with congenital malformations |journal=Obstetrics and gynecology |volume=58 |issue=3 |pages=336-44 |year=1981 |pmid=7266953 |doi=}}</ref> An additional study found that of 200 individuals referred for genetic counseling for a teratogenic exposure, 52 % were exposed to more than one potential teratogen.<ref name="pmid3703408">{{cite journal |author=King CR |title=Genetic counseling for teratogen exposure |journal=Obstetrics and gynecology |volume=67 |issue=6 |pages=843-6 |year=1986 |pmid=3703408 |doi=}}</ref>