Vee-Jay Records: различия между версиями

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{{Музыкальный лейбл
|Название = Vee-Jay Records
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'''Vee-Jay Records'''  — звукозаписывающий [[лейбл]] [[США]]. Основан в [[1953 год в музыке|1953 годгоду]]у, специализируется на [[блюз]]е, [[джаз]]е, [[ритм-н-блюз]]е и [[рок-н-ролл]]е. Им владеют и управляют [[афро-американец|афро-американцы]]. (It was owned and operated by African Americans.)
 
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== History ==
Vee-Jay was founded in [[Gary, Indiana]], in [[1953 in music|1953]] by [[Vivian Carter]] and [[James Bracken|James C. Bracken]], a husband-and-wife team who used their initials for the label’s name.<ref name=thompson>Thompson, Dave (2002). ''A Music Lover'sLover’s Guide to Record Collecting'', pp. 286-89. San Francisco: Backbeat Books. ISBN 0879307137.</ref> Vivian'sVivian’s brother, [[Calvin Carter]], was the label'slabel’s A&R man. [[Ewart Abner]], formerly of [[Chance Records]], joined the label in 1955, first as manager, then as vice president, and ultimately, as president.
 
Vee-Jay quickly became a major R&B label, with the first song recorded making it to the top ten on the national R&B charts.
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===Notable artists===
Major acts on the label in the 1950s included blues singers [[Jimmy Reed]], [[Memphis Slim]], and [[John Lee Hooker]], and rhythm and blues vocal groups [[The Spaniels]], [[The Dells]], and [[El Dorados]]. The 1960s saw the label became a major soul label with [[Jerry Butler (singer)|Jerry Butler]], [[Gene Chandler]], [[Dee Clark]], and [[Betty Everett]] putting records on both the R&B and pop charts. Vee-Jay were also the first to nationally issue a record by [[The Pips]] (by a master purchase from the tiny Huttom label of Atlanta), who became [[Gladys Knight and the Pips]] in 1962, when they moved to [[Fury Records]].
 
=== Notable artists ===
Vee-Jay had significant success with rock and roll acts, notably [[The Four Seasons (group)|The Four Seasons]] (their first non-[[African American|black]] act) and [[The Beatles]] (Vee-Jay acquired the rights to some of the early Beatles recordings in a licensing deal with [[EMI]] in which the main attraction at the time was another EMI performer, [[Frank Ifield]]). In the mid 1960s Vee-Jay signed former successful child singer [[Jimmy Boyd]] of [[I Saw Mommy Kissing Santa Claus]] fame; Boyd was then twenty-five years old. The company even ventured into [[folk music]] with [[Hoyt Axton]] and New Wine Singers. The label also picked up [[Little Richard]] (who re-recorded his [[Specialty Records]] hits, and recorded (1965) the Soul Classic, "I Don't Know What You've Got (But It's Got Me)", an R & B success, with Jimi Hendrix, Don Covay, Bernard Purdie, Ronny Miller, and Billy Preston (before he became successful on his own).
Major acts on the label in the 1950s included blues singers [[Jimmy Reed]], [[Memphis Slim]], and [[John Lee Hooker]], and rhythm and blues vocal groups [[The Spaniels]], [[The Dells]], and [[El Dorados]]. The 1960s saw the label became a major soul label with [[Jerry Butler (singer)|Jerry Butler]], [[Gene Chandler]], [[Dee Clark]], and [[Betty Everett]] putting records on both the R&B and pop charts. Vee-Jay were also the first to nationally issue a record by [[The Pips]] (by a master purchase from the tiny Huttom label of Atlanta), who became [[Gladys Knight and the Pips]] in 1962, when they moved to [[Fury Records]].
 
Vee-Jay had significant success with rock and roll acts, notably [[The Four Seasons (group)|The Four Seasons]] (their first non-[[African American|black]] act) and [[The Beatles]] (Vee-Jay acquired the rights to some of the early Beatles recordings in a licensing deal with [[EMI]] in which the main attraction at the time was another EMI performer, [[Frank Ifield]]). In the mid 1960s Vee-Jay signed former successful child singer [[Jimmy Boyd]] of [[I Saw Mommy Kissing Santa Claus]] fame; Boyd was then twenty-five years old. The company even ventured into [[folk music]] with [[Hoyt Axton]] and New Wine Singers. The label also picked up [[Little Richard]] (who re-recorded his [[Specialty Records]] hits, and recorded (1965) the Soul Classic, "«I Don'tDon’t Know What You'veYou’ve Got (But It'sIt’s Got Me)"», an R & B success, with Jimi Hendrix, Don Covay, Bernard Purdie, Ronny Miller, and Billy Preston (before he became successful on his own).
Vee-Jay's [[jazz]] line accounted for a small portion of the company's releases, but recorded such artists as [[Wynton Kelly]], [[Lee Morgan]], [[Eddie Harris]], and [[Wayne Shorter]].<ref name=pruter>Pruter, Robert (1996). ''Doowop: The Chicago Scene'', p. 105. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press. ISBN 0252065069.</ref> The [[A&R]] for the jazz releases was [[Sid McCoy]]. The company also had a major [[gospel music|gospel]] line, recording such acts as the [[Staple Singers]], the Argo Singers, [[Swan Silvertones]], and Maceo Woods.<ref name=pruter/> Vee-Jay even released comedy on LP, with records by [[Dick Gregory]], and ''Them Poems'', [[Mason Williams]]'s early nightclub act, recorded with a studio audience in 1964.
 
Vee-Jay'sJay’s [[jazz]] line accounted for a small portion of the company'scompany’s releases, but recorded such artists as [[Wynton Kelly]], [[Lee Morgan]], [[Eddie Harris]], and [[Wayne Shorter]].<ref name=pruter>Pruter, Robert (1996). ''Doowop: The Chicago Scene'', p. 105. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press. ISBN 0252065069.</ref> The [[A&R]] for the jazz releases was [[Sid McCoy]]. The company also had a major [[gospel music|gospel]] line, recording such acts as the [[Staple Singers]], the Argo Singers, [[Swan Silvertones]], and Maceo Woods.<ref name=pruter/> Vee-Jay even released comedy on LP, with records by [[Dick Gregory]], and ''Them Poems'', [[Mason Williams]]'s early nightclub act, recorded with a studio audience in 1964.
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===Success===
Vee-Jay's biggest successes occurred in 1962-1964, with the ascendancy of the Four Seasons and the distribution of early [[The Beatles|Beatles]] material ("[[Please Please Me]]" b/w "[[From Me to You]]"and "[[Do You Want to Know a Secret]], b/w "[[Thank You Girl]]" via Vee-Jay<ref name=thompson/> and "[[Love Me Do]]" b/w "[[P.S. I Love You (song)|P.S. I Love You]]" and "[[Twist and Shout]]" b/w "[[There's a Place]]" via its subsidiary [[Tollie Records]]), because [[EMI]]'s autonomous [[United States of America|United States]] company [[Capitol Records|Capitol]] initially refused to release Beatles records. Vee-Jay's releases were at first unsuccessful, but quickly became huge hits once the [[British Invasion]] took off in early 1964, selling 2.6 million Beatles singles in a single month. Cash flow problems caused by Ewart Abner's tapping the company treasury to cover personal gambling debts led to the company's active demise; Vee-Jay had been forced to temporarily cease operations in the second half of 1963, leading to royalty disputes with the Four Seasons and EMI. The Four Seasons then left Vee-Jay for [[Philips Records]], and EMI's Capitol Records picked up the U.S. rights for both the Beatles and Frank Ifield.
 
=== Success ===
Other Vee-Jay subsidiary labels included [[Interphon]] (which yielded the Top 5 hit "[[Have I the Right?]]" by another British group, [[The Honeycombs]]), and [[Oldies 45]] for reissues along with [[Tollie Records|Tollie]] and [[Abner Records]], which was an early subsidiary label formed in 1958. Vee-Jay also did distribution for [[Ted Jarrett]]'s [[Champion Records]], [[Rick Hall]]'s Fame Records, the Memphis label Goldwax Records and a time, [[Johnny Vincent]]'s [[Ace Records (US)|Ace Records]].
Vee-Jay'sJay’s biggest successes occurred in 1962-19641962—1964, with the ascendancy of the Four Seasons and the distribution of early [[The Beatles|Beatles]] material ("«[[Please Please Me]]"» b/w "[[From Me to You]]"and "[[Do You Want to Know a Secret]], b/w "«[[Thank You Girl]]"» via Vee-Jay<ref name=thompson/> and "«[[Love Me Do]]"» b/w "«[[P.S. I Love You (song)|P.S. I Love You]]"» and "«[[Twist and Shout]]"» b/w "«[[There's a Place]]" » via its subsidiary [[Tollie Records]]), because [[EMI]]'s autonomous [[United States of America|United States]] company [[Capitol Records|Capitol]] initially refused to release Beatles records. Vee-Jay'sJay’s releases were at first unsuccessful, but quickly became huge hits once the [[British Invasion]] took off in early 1964, selling 2.6 million Beatles singles in a single month. Cash flow problems caused by Ewart Abner'sAbner’s tapping the company treasury to cover personal gambling debts led to the company'scompany’s active demise; Vee-Jay had been forced to temporarily cease operations in the second half of 1963, leading to royalty disputes with the Four Seasons and EMI. The Four Seasons then left Vee-Jay for [[Philips Records]], and EMI'sEMI’s Capitol Records picked up the U.S. rights for both the Beatles and Frank Ifield.
 
Other Vee-Jay subsidiary labels included [[Interphon]] (which yielded the Top 5 hit "«[[Have I the Right?]]"» by another British group, [[The Honeycombs]]), and [[Oldies 45]] for reissues along with [[Tollie Records|Tollie]] and [[Abner Records]], which was an early subsidiary label formed in 1958. Vee-Jay also did distribution for [[Ted Jarrett]]'s [[Champion Records]], [[Rick Hall]]'s Fame Records, the Memphis label Goldwax Records and a time, [[Johnny Vincent]]'s [[Ace Records (US)|Ace Records]].
Vee-Jay moved back to Chicago in 1965 after a year in Los Angeles. Liens were placed on Vee-Jay assets still in Los Angeles after legal action by [[Pye Records]] due to non-payment of royalties.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=KCkEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=%22vee+jay+returns+to+chi.%22&hl=en&ei=M8xNTL-qA86DnQePxJnYCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22vee%20jay%20returns%20to%20chi.%22&f=false Billboard - Google Books]</ref>
 
Vee-Jay moved back to Chicago in 1965 after a year in Los Angeles. Liens were placed on Vee-Jay assets still in Los Angeles after legal action by [[Pye Records]] due to non-payment of royalties.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=KCkEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA3&dq=%22vee+jay+returns+to+chi.%22&hl=en&ei=M8xNTL-qA86DnQePxJnYCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22vee%20jay%20returns%20to%20chi.%22&f=false Billboard - — Google Books]</ref>
===As Vee-Jay International===
 
Vee-Jay Records filed for bankruptcy in August 1966.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=AhEEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA7&dq=%22vee-jay%22+%2B+auction&hl=en&ei=TCk9TPTKF9GKnQelzv3dDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false Billboard - Google Books]</ref> The assets were subsequently purchased by label executives Betty Chiapetta and Randy Wood, who changed its name to '''Vee-Jay International'''. From 1967 to 1972, Vee-Jay was limited to selling some of the inventory on hand when the company went under, and leasing or licensing the Vee Jay masters to Buddah Records, who came out with "The First Generation" series, and Springboard International, who issued dozens of albums featuring Vee Jay material on their subsidiary label, Upfront.
=== As Vee-Jay International ===
Vee-Jay Records filed for bankruptcy in August 1966.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=AhEEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA7&dq=%22vee-jay%22+%2B+auction&hl=en&ei=TCk9TPTKF9GKnQelzv3dDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false Billboard - — Google Books]</ref> The assets were subsequently purchased by label executives Betty Chiapetta and Randy Wood, who changed its name to '''Vee-Jay International'''. From 1967 to 1972, Vee-Jay was limited to selling some of the inventory on hand when the company went under, and leasing or licensing the Vee Jay masters to Buddah Records, who came out with "«The First Generation"» series, and Springboard International, who issued dozens of albums featuring Vee Jay material on their subsidiary label, Upfront.
 
In 1978, Vee Jay issued a Silver Anniversary catalog to commemorate the 25th birthday of the label. The catalog is an impressive slick-paper booklet with a silver cover. Inside are pictures of many of the artists, some history of the label, and photos of close to 200 different album covers with complete song titles listed.<ref>[http://www.bsnpubs.com/veejay/veejayinternationalstory.html Vee-Jay Records became Vee-Jay International]</ref>
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=== As a disco label ===
It revived under new management in 1982 as a disco and R&B label, but it closed down again in 1986.
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=== Vee-Jay today ===
In 1998, under the management of [[Michele Tayler]], it was reactivated in 1998 as '''The Vee-Jay Limited Partnership'''. Its main office is located in [[Redding, Connecticut]].
 
[[Collectables Records]] has been remastering and reissuing Vee-Jay albums on audio CD since 2000. A compilation which contains a Best of Vee-Jay box set as well as individual "«Best of the Vee-Jay Years"» CDs is released by [[Shout! Factory]].<ref>[http://www.shoutfactorystore.com/prod.aspx?pfid=3325291&sid=9F7C038B701F47F599285E71626EB518 Shout! Factory Store]</ref>
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== See also ==
* [[List of record labels]]
* [[:CategoryКатегория:Vee-Jay Records albums]]
* [[:CategoryКатегория:Vee-Jay Records artists]]
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== Примечания ==
{{примечания}}
{{reflist}}
 
== См. также ==
* [http://www.vee-jay.net/ Official site]
* [http://www.bsnpubs.com/veejay/veejaystory1.html The Vee-Jay Story - — ''Both Sides Now'' website]
 
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[[Категория:Лейблы звукозаписи США]]
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