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Хенли родился в [[Глостере|Глостер]] и был самым старшим из шести детей. Его отец, книготорговец, Уильям, умер в 1868 году, оставив после себя многочисленные долги. Мать, Мэри Морган, была потомком поэта и критика Джона Уортона. В 1861 - 1867 гг. Хенли учился в школе "Крипт Грэммар" (основанной в 1539 г.).
С двенадцатилетнего возраста Хенли страда от [[туберкулез|туберкулеза]] кости, который в 1868-69 гг. привел к ампутации левой ноги до колена. Согласно письмам [[Роберт Льюис Стивенсон|Роберта Л. Стивенсона]] именно его друг Хенли послужил одним из прообразов [[Джон Сильвер |Джона Сильвера]], одного из центральных персонажей романа [[Остров сокровищ (роман) | "Остров сокровищ"]]. Приемный сын Стивенсона, Ллойд Осборн отзывается о Хенли как о "... потрясающем,здоровенном яркомширокоплечем человекемалом, обладателе неугомонного косой сажени в плечахтемперамента, рыжей бороды и костыля; жизнерадостным, невероятном умном, чей раскатистый смех звучал как музыка, описывает Henley suffered from [[tuberculosis]] of the bone that resulted in the amputation of his left leg below the knee in 1868–69.<ref>Connell dates this as 1865, but Ernest Mehew ''William Ernest Henley, (1849–1903)'', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004–08, suggests 1868–69 while Henley was being treated in St Bartholomew's Hospital, London</ref> According to [[Robert Louis Stevenson]]'s letters, the idea for the character of [[Long John Silver]] was inspired by Stevenson's real-life friend Henley. Stevenson's stepson, Lloyd Osbourne, described Henley as ."... aВ great,письме glowing,Хенли massive-shoulderedпосле fellowпубликации with a big red beard and a ; jovial, astoundingly clever, and with a laugh that rolled like music; he had an unimaginable fire and vitality; he swept one off one's feet". In a letter to Henley after the publication of ''Treasure Island'', Stevenson wrote,Острова сокровищ"I willСтивенсон now make a confessionписал: It"Признаюсь, wasименно theзрелище sightтвоей ofувечной yourмощи maimed strength and masterfulness that begotи Longвластности Johnпородило SilverДжона Сильвера... theидея ideaчеловека, ofспособного theповелевать maimedи man,устрашать rulingзвуком andсвоего dreadedголоса, byполностью theобязана sound,своим wasпоявлением entirelyтебе". taken from you."
Хенли умер от [[туберкулез]]а в 1903 г. в возрасте 53 лет.
[[File:HenleyRodin.JPG|right|thumb|200px|Bust of Henley by Rodin]]
[[File:W E Henley, grave.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Henley's gravestone, Cockayne Hatley]]
Вероятно, самым знаменитым его произведением было стихотворение "[[Непокоренный]]", написанное в 1875 года. Считается, что оно былопослужило созданодля автора Itсвоего isрода saidманифестом thatжизненной thisсилы wasпосле writtenампутации as a demonstration of his resilience following the amputation of his foot due to tubercular infectionноги. This passionate and defiant poem should be compared with his beautiful and contemplative acceptance of death and dying in the poem [[s:Margaritae Sorori|"Margaritae Sorori"]]. The poems of ''In Hospital'' are also noteworthy as some of the earliest [[free verse]] written in England. With J.S. Farmer Henley edited a seven volume dictionary of ''Slang and its analogues'' which inspired his two translations into thieves' slang of [[ballades (forme fixe)|ballades]] by [[François Villon]].
InВ 1890 г. Хенли опубликовал "Мысли и , Henley published ''Views and Reviews'', a volume of notable criticisms, which he described as "less a book than a mosaic of scraps and shreds recovered from the shot rubbish of some fourteen years of journalism". The criticisms, covering a wide range of authors (all English or French save [[Heinrich Heine]] and [[Leo Tolstoy]]) were remarkable for their insight. In 1892, he published a second volume of poetry, named after the first poem, "The Song of the Sword" but re-titled "London Voluntaries" after another section in the second edition (1893). Robert Louis Stevenson wrote that he had not received the same thrill of poetry so intimate and so deep since [[George Meredith]]'s "Joy of Earth" and "Love in the Valley". "I did not guess you were so great a magician. These are new tunes; this is an undertone of the true [[Apollo]]. These are not verse; they are poetry". During 1892, Henley also published three plays written with Stevenson: ''Beau Austin'', ''[[Deacon Brodie]]'' and ''Admiral Guinea''. In 1895, Henley's poem, "[[Macaire]]", was published in a volume with the other plays. ''Deacon Brodie'' was produced in Edinburgh in 1884 and later in London. [[Herbert Beerbohm Tree]] produced ''Beau Austin'' at the Haymarket on 3 November 1890. ▼
▲In 1890, Henley published ''Views and Reviews'', a volume of notable criticisms, which he described as "less a book than a mosaic of scraps and shreds recovered from the shot rubbish of some fourteen years of journalism". The criticisms, covering a wide range of authors (all English or French save [[Heinrich Heine]] and [[Leo Tolstoy]]) were remarkable for their insight. In 1892, he published a second volume of poetry, named after the first poem, "The Song of the Sword" but re-titled "London Voluntaries" after another section in the second edition (1893). Robert Louis Stevenson wrote that he had not received the same thrill of poetry so intimate and so deep since [[George Meredith]]'s "Joy of Earth" and "Love in the Valley". "I did not guess you were so great a magician. These are new tunes; this is an undertone of the true [[Apollo]]. These are not verse; they are poetry". During 1892, Henley also published three plays written with Stevenson: ''Beau Austin'', ''[[Deacon Brodie]]'' and ''Admiral Guinea''. In 1895, Henley's poem, "[[Macaire]]", was published in a volume with the other plays. ''Deacon Brodie'' was produced in Edinburgh in 1884 and later in London. [[Herbert Beerbohm Tree]] produced ''Beau Austin'' at the Haymarket on 3 November 1890.
Henley's poem, "Pro Rege Nostro", became popular during the [[First World War]] as a piece of patriotic verse. It contains the following refrain:
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