Обсуждение:Гипотеза социального обеспечения по старости

Оригинал Харви Лебенстайна

Economic backwardness and economic growth; studies in the theory of economic development. One of a series of books from the research program of the Institute of Industrial Relations, University of California Leibenstein, Harvey 1957 Page 167 Let us look at some of the forces generated by income growth that work in the direction of creating motivations conducive to fertihty decline. First, we have the diminishing «consumption utility» of addi- tional surviving children. Second, there is the decKne in the value of the marginal child as a source of family income because the survival effect becomes progressively less important, and the age up to which children are trained and kept out of the labor force gradually increases. Third, the parents' need for a child’s earnings as a source of family income and the need for children as a source of old-age security progressively decline as incomes increase. The indirect effects of rising per capita incomes are Ukely to become progressively more and more significant. For example, the concomitants of rising per capita incomes are likely to lead to the kind of changes in the social structure and in the system of social organization, that result in the gradual disappearance of the child’s value as a productive agent and as a source of security. That is to say, urbanization as a concomitant of income growth, later school-leaving ages, new systems of old-age security, the spread and use of insurance plans of various kinds gradually reduce the utility value of a child solely to that of a consumption good. Fourth, the indirect costs, in terms of greater economic opportunities for women, and the increased need for greater mobility are likely to rise continually as incomes grow. - видимо пeрвоe описаниe тeории. Vyacheslav84 (обс.) 17:32, 22 июля 2023 (UTC)